The name Borobudur is a combination of words between "Bara" and "Budur". "Bara" from the Sanskrit means temple or monastery. While "Budur" derived from the word is "beduhur" which meaning "above", thereby Borobudur means monastery on the hill. While according to other sources, means a mountain having terraces (budhara), while other sources said that Borobudur means monastery on the heights.
Borobudur is the name of a Buddhist temple located in Borobudur, Magelang, Central Java. Location of the temple is approximately 100 km southwest of Semarang and 40 km northwest of Yogyakarta. This temple was founded by followers of Mahayana Buddhism around the year 800 AD during the reign of the dynasty dynasty.
Borobudur has the basic structure punden staircase, with a six-yard square, three circular courtyard and a main stupa as a peak. Also scattered in all pelatarannya several stupas.
Borobudur Building punden shaped staircase consists of 10 levels, measuring 123 x 123 meters. Height of 42 meters and 34.5 meters before it was renovated after the renovation because the lowest level was used as a drag. This Buddhist temple has 1460 relief panels and 504 Buddha effigies in the complex. Six lowest level of a square and two upper circular form, and the highest level in the form of Buddhist stupa facing to the west.
Each level represents the stages of human life. Corresponding schools of Mahayana Buddhism, every person who wants to reach the level of the Buddha should be through every level of life is.
Ten yard owned Borobudur clearly illustrates the school of Mahayana philosophy. Like a book, Borobudur describes ten levels of Bodhisattva must pass to reach the perfection of the Buddha.
The foot of Borobudur represents Kamadhatu, the world is still dominated by kama, or "low desire". This section is mostly covered by a pile of stone that allegedly made to strengthen the construction of the temple. At the closed part of this additional structure there are 120 panels Kammawibhangga story. Some small additional structure was set aside so people can still see the relief in this section.
Four floors with walls berelief on it by the experts called Rupadhatu. The floor is rectangular. Rupadhatu is a world that has been able to break free from lust, but is still bound by the appearance and shape. This level represents the nature of that is, between the bottom and the nature of nature. In part this Rupadhatu statues of Buddha found in the recesses of the wall above ballustrade or breezeway.
Starting the fifth to the seventh floor walls are not berelief. This level is called Arupadhatu (which means no tangible form or not). Circular floor plan. This level represents the nature of, where people are free from all desires and bond forms and shapes, but have not reached nirvana. Buddha statues are placed inside the stupa is covered with holes as in the cage. From outside the statues that still seems vague.
The highest level that describes the lack of being represented in the form of the largest and highest stupa. Stupa depicted plain without holes. Within the biggest stupa of the Buddha statue was ever found an imperfect or unfinished also called Buddha, who disalahsangkakan as Adibuddha statue, but through further research there has never been a statue at the main stupa, which is not finished sculpture was a mistake pemahatnya in ancient times. according to the belief that the statue was wrong in the manufacturing process should not be tampered with. Archaeological excavations carried out in the courtyard of the temple was found a lot of statues like this.
In the past, several statues of Buddha along with 30 stones with reliefs, two statues of lions, some kala-shaped stone, stairs and gates are sent to the King of Thailand, Chulalongkorn, who visited the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia) in 1896 as a gift from the Dutch Government as it.
Borobudur has no spaces worship like other temples. That there are long hallways which is a narrow road. The hallways surrounding the walled temple level by level. In the halls of the Buddhist is expected to perform the ceremony walk around the temple to the right. Shape of the building without room and terraced structure is alleged is the development of form punden staircase, which is a form of architecture from prehistoric native Indonesia.
